Bioluminescence: The Science of Living Light
Bioluminescence is the natural phenomenon by which living organisms produce light through chemical reactions within their bodies. Unlike the warmth of incandescent light sources like the sun or fire, bioluminescent light is considered a form of cold light because it generates very little to no heat. The Chemistry Behind Bioluminescence The luminescent glow that we see in bioluminescent organisms is the result of a biochemical reaction involving a light-emitting molecule (usually called luciferin ) and an enzyme called luciferase : Luciferin : The molecule that emits light when it undergoes oxidation. Different organisms have unique luciferins, allowing for diversity in bioluminescent colors and intensities. Luciferase : The enzyme that acts as a catalyst for the oxidation of luciferin. ATP : Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an energy carrier in cells, often participates in these reactions. Oxygen : Required in most cases, allowing the oxidation of luciferin. The reaction can be simpl...