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Why Poultry Waste Can Reduce Biogas Production: Biochemical Inhibition, Feedstock Quality, Digester Instability and Practical Solutions

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A naerobic digestion (AD) is an established biological process that converts biodegradable organic matter into biogas under oxygen-free conditions. The process recovers renewable energy from poultry manure, poultry litter, and other organic residues while reducing the amount of waste requiring disposal. The resulting biogas typically contains methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂), along with smaller quantities of hydrogen sulphide (H₂S), water vapour and other trace compounds. After appropriate cleaning and upgrading, biogas can be used for heat and electricity generation or converted into compressed biogas (CBG), depending on its quality and the plant configuration. Poultry waste has considerable potential as an anaerobic digestion feedstock because it contains organic matter, nitrogen and other nutrients. However, its suitability for biogas production depends on more than the quantity of waste available. Poultry manure can contain high concentrations of nitrogen, rapidly degradable ...

Quantum Computing for Environmental Protection: Opportunities, Risks and Responsible AI

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T he environmental challenges of the twenty-first century are interconnected, nonlinear and increasingly difficult to manage. Climate change alters hydrological cycles and ecosystem distributions; industrial pollution affects human health and ecological integrity; energy transitions create new material demands; and biodiversity loss interacts with land-use change, food production and climate pressures. Addressing these problems requires reliable observations, predictive models, scientific experimentation, effective governance and technologies that can deliver measurable environmental improvements. Conventional high-performance computing, numerical simulation, remote sensing, statistical modelling and artificial intelligence already make substantial contributions to environmental science. Nevertheless, some problems remain computationally demanding. These include modelling complex molecular interactions, identifying promising materials, exploring large optimisation spaces and representi...