Forever Chemicals Without Borders: How Italy’s PFAS Disaster Reached India and What It Means for Public Health and Policy
I n the quiet coastal region of Ratnagiri district in Maharashtra, India, surrounded by green hills, villages, and agricultural land, a modern chemical factory now operates in the Lote Parshuram industrial estate. At first glance, the facility appears new and compliant with industrial norms. However, behind its clean exterior lies a troubling history that stretches back thousands of kilometres to northern Italy and one of Europe’s worst chemical pollution scandals. The factory’s machinery, chemical processes, and intellectual property once belonged to Miteni , an Italian chemical company based in Vicenza. Miteni was a major producer of PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) , a large group of synthetic chemicals widely used in industrial and consumer products for their resistance to heat, water, and oil. These chemicals are often referred to as “forever chemicals” because they do not break down naturally and persist in the environment and the human body for decades. What Ha...